Parvovirose canina : uma avaliação integrada dos sinais clínicos e das alterações hematológicas associados ao prognóstico

Abstract

Canine parvovirus is a very important viral disease in dogs due to its high transmissibility and morbidity, presenting symptoms and characteristic hematological changes. Although several factors such as breed, age and leukopenia have been mentioned in the literature as influencing prognosis, the results are still divergent. Thus, we explore relationships between population data, symptomatology and hemogram with clinical outcome of dogs with parvovirus. Sixty nine dogs with parvovirus up to 12 months of age treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Mato Grosso were analyzed. The average age of the dogs was 3.9 months, and most of them were males (52.2%), full-blooded breed (79.7%), vaccinated (68.1%), and dewormed (75.4%). The clinical signs presented were abdominalgia (56.5%), changes in feces (84%1%), anorexia (89.9%), dehydration (73.9%), emesis (89.9%) and prostration (78.3%). The most frequent hematological alteration was leukopenia (62.8%). Most of the dogs survived the infection (65.2%). There was no association between age, sex, breed, and vaccination or deworming with the prognosis. However, leukopenia was associated with survival outcome, showiting that dogs with leukopenia have a higher risk of death. The presence of activated monocytes and reactive lymphocytes was associated with the outcome and indicates a favorable prognosis. Therefore, the morphological alterations together with the leukogram provide valuable information for the prognosis and direction of the clinical management in the treatment of dogs with parvovirus.