Caracterização das mudanças de uso e cobertura da terra e os impactos nas áreas de APP na BR-158 no município de São Félix do Araguaia - MT

Abstract

The study area is located in the municipality of São Félix do Araguaia - MT, around BR-158. The aim of this work was to characterize land use and land cover changes that occurred in the region in 2005, 2010, 2015 and 2020, in addition to assessing the impacts and dynamics of land use within APP areas (Permanent Preservation Areas ) in the studied time. To achieve these objectives, high resolution satellite images, geoprocessing techniques, multitemporal analysis and GIS (Geographic Information System) were used. Analyzes of landscape metrics, such as fragmentation, connectivity and shape were carried out to assess the dynamics of land use change and its impact on APP areas. The results showed that there was a significant reduction in native vegetation cover and an increase in pasture and agriculture areas during the studied period. APP areas were also affected, with loss of vegetation cover and increased human occupation. The NDVI analysis revealed that the study area underwent a process of fragmentation of natural areas, making it more vulnerable to erosion, loss of biodiversity and changes in the hydrological regime. In conclusion, the changes in land use and land cover in the study area are related to human activities, especially agricultural activities. It is necessary to establish public policies for the sustainable use of natural resources, in addition to making society aware of the importance of preserving APP areas.