Fatores de riscos predisponentes à depressão pós parto: uma revisão integrativa.

Abstract

Postpartum Depression (PPD) is a high prevalence mental disorder that causes emotional, cognitive, behavioral, and physical changes that occur in the puerperal period. This study aims to identify the main risk factors identified in the literature, predisposing to the development of postpartum Depression. For this, an integrative review was carried out, through online search of the national scientific productions on postpartum depression, from 2013 to 2018. The capture of these productions was processed through the Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), articles, seven were taken from the LILACS database, six from the SciELO database and one from the BDENF database. The results of this review showed that the socio-demographic factors, such as low income, low schooling, multiparity, smoking, unplanned pregnancy, being single mother and psychosocial factors such as conflicting relationship with partner or family, high stress are closely linked to the development of DPP. Since PPD can have serious consequences not only for the mother, but for everyone around her, it is of paramount importance to develop preventive and treatment measures that are able to minimize the risks for the development of this disorder. Among the tools that can be used as preventive measures for postpartum depression found in this review are the use of the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale as an instrument to track depressive symptoms in prenatal care, the implementation of public policies in health and the adoption of psychological prenatal care to prevent PPD, as well as professional interventions aimed at comprehensive and humanized care in health services.