A teoria do imperialismo em Rosa Luxemburgo e Lênin : pontos de convergências e divergências

Abstract

This paper aims to analyze Rosa Luxemburg's theory of imperialism, based on her work The Accumulation of Capital (1913), in dialogue with the theories developed by Lenin in Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism (1917). The research is part of the critical tradition of Marxist political economy and is based on the historical and theoretical analysis of the fundamental categories of the capitalist mode of production, such as accumulation, imperialism, surplus value and reproduction. The study is structured in four parts. The first focuses on the analysis of the historical context and intellectual trajectory in which Rosa Luxemburg was inserted. Then, the second part seeks to present the theoretical formulation constructed by the author about imperialism. The third part is dedicated to the exposition of Lenin's conception of imperialism and, finally, the fourth is dedicated to a final assessment, which identifies the main points of convergence and divergence between the authors. It is concluded that, although they start from different logics, both understand that imperialism is part of a historical phase of capitalism, marked by intense economic, political and social contradictions. Such analyses contribute, to this day, to the critical understanding of the contemporary capitalist mode of production.