Análise das notificações de sífilis adquirida no estado de Mato Grosso

Abstract

Introduction: Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the Treponema pallidum bacterium. In pregnant women, syphilis poses a significant risk to both the mother's health and the baby's development. The diagnosis of syphilis requires an integrated approach by health professionals, allowing for a more accurate assessment and targeting of appropriate treatment. Thus, early diagno vou sis is crucial, as it allows treatment to be initiated with the use of benzathine penicillin, which is effective in stopping the progression of the disease and minimizing risks during pregnancy. Objectives: To evaluate the notifications of acquired syphilis between 2019 and 2023 in the Mato Grosso state comparing with the results in the Barra do Garças-MT city and in Brazil. Methodology: This is a descriptive study with a quantitative approach, comparing epidemiological data on acquired syphilis, collected in the Notifiable Diseases Information System (Sinan). The data covered a five-year period, between 2019 and 2023, referring to the Mato Grosso state and Barra do Garças/MT city. The information obtained in the epidemiological analysis was compiled for the appropriate quantitative and descriptive analyses, through measures of absolute frequency and/or simple averages and/or percentages represented by graphs. Results: Between 2020 and 2021, there was a decrease in the number of cases of acquired syphilis reported in SINAN, highlighting the impact of the emergence of the disease caused by the 2019 coronavirus (COVID-19). The highest occurrence of syphilis cases is among men aged 20 to 39, accounting for 62% and 61% of notifications in Mato Grosso and Barra do Garças, respectively. Considering the occurrence of syphilis in women, it was noted that more than 50% of cases between 2019 and 2023 occurred in pregnant women. The need for integrated actions is reforced, such as sexual education, expanded testing, and professional training. Conclusion: The analysis of acquired syphilis in the studied regions can facilitate the development of strategies to raise awareness among the young population and strengthen public health policies to face these challenges.