Avaliação das propriedades reológicas, citotóxicas e microbicidas do óleo de soja refinado no sangue periférico

Abstract

Refined soybean oil is widely used, and its interaction with the biological system, especially the immunological and blood properties, motivates detailed analysis. The present study evaluated the rheological and cytotoxic characteristics of refined soybean oil in human peripheral blood in vitro. Blood samples were exposed to different concentrations of the oil (µg, ng, and pg), and viscosity, shear rate, mononuclear phagocyte viability, and phagocytosis of Escherichia coli enteropathogenica (EPEC) were analyzed. The results indicated that, although blood viscosity did not show significant variations across the tested concentrations, an increase in shear rate was observed at the nanogram concentration. Phagocyte cell viability remained high in all groups. Regarding the immune response, the microgram concentration of refined oil showed a tendency to increase the internalization capacity of EPEC bacteria by phagocytes. Thus, refined soybean oil can exert selective effects on peripheral blood components in a concentration-dependent manner, with potential implications for blood rheology and the immune response, suggesting the relevance of future studies to deepen the understanding of these mechanisms.