Avaliação do estresse oxidativo e características reológicas de células mononucleares de sangue bovino estimuladas pelo óleo de algodão degomado

Abstract

Cottonseed oil is one of the oldest and most widely consumed vegetable oils in Brazil, extracted from cotton seeds and scientifically known as Gossypius hirsutum. This oil is recognized for its antioxidant components that are related to numerous biological activities, including modulation of immune cells. The present study aims to evaluate the rheological activity and immunomodulatory effect of degummed cottonseed oil (DCO) on mononuclear cells from bovine peripheral blood. Mononuclear cells were obtained through a density gradient with Ficoll Paque® and treated with 50 µL of cottonseed oil at 100 pg/mL to determine cell viability and enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and superoxide anion in the presence of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli. Cell viability was analyzed by fluorescence microscopy using Acridine Orange dye, while superoxide anion and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were measured by spectrophotometry, following specific methods for each enzymatic parameter. Rheological evaluation was performed in two groups: control group containing 500 µL of whole blood and group treated with 500 µL of whole blood and 50 µL of degummed cottonseed oil (OND) stimulus. The analysis was performed using the Modular Compacter Rheometer - MCR 102 and was evaluated in terms of shear rate and viscosity. The results obtained demonstrate that neither the rheological characteristics of bovine peripheral blood nor cell viability were altered in the presence of cottonseed oil. No alterations were observed in the levels of superoxide dismutase and superoxide anion in the presence of E. coli and cottonseed oil. Thus, it is concluded that degummed cottonseed oil did not cause significant changes in the rheological characteristics of bovine peripheral blood, in cell viability, nor in the levels of superoxide dismutase and superoxide anion, even in the presence of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli, suggesting that the oil does not exert a significant immunomodulatory effect under the experimental conditions analyzed.