Qualidade de grãos de soja : influência da fertilização foliar

Abstract

The foliar fertilization aims at to provide nutrients to plants readily available form for the purpose of correcting nutritional deficiencies, serving as a complement of soil fertilization. The objective of this study was to analyze the quality of the soybeans (CD2851 IPRO) a function of the application of foliar micronutrients, with the aim to quantify possible increases in protein content and higher values of physical properties of the grains. The culture was subjected to two treatments foliar fertilizers, with Product 1, rich in molybdenum, manganese, zinc and sulfur; and Product 2, which provides complete nutrition to the plant. The variables analyzed were: physical properties of soy beans (bulk density, true density, thousand grain weight and mass of grain); size and shape of grains (volume, geometric diameter, surface area, roundness and sphericity); physiological properties (initial germination and germination after accelerated aging); and protein content. Data were subjected to analysis of variance by F test at 5% probability, and the averages compared by Tukey test (5%). It was found that the treatments with foliar fertilizer resulted in a significant increase in physical property values: thousand grain weight, bulk density and mass of grain, with no tendency for best value among products. Characteristics related to the grain size (volume, diameter and geometric surface area) were also influenced by the treatments, differing from the control. Soy subjected to treatment showed a reduction of around 26% of the initial seed to germinate after accelerated aging. In this case the control was reduced by 42%, demonstrating that the foliar treatment allowed the formation of grains more resistant to adverse conditions, can be stored for a long period. The grain protein content did not change in relation to treatments.