Estado nutricional e consumo alimentar de adolescentes matriculados em um Instituto Federal de Mato Grosso

Abstract

In adolescence, dietary patterns and nutritional status exert great influence on health, growth and development. Objective: To evaluate the nutritional status and consumption of high school food at a Federal Institute of Mato Grosso. Methodology: A cross-sectional study with adolescents aged 15 to 18 years of both sexes. The data were obtained through the Food Frequency Questionnaire. Measured weight, height and blood pressure and determined the body composition. To verify the distribution of the data was used the Shapiro-Wilk test and for determination of homogeneity was used to Levene test. After, the T-Student test was used for comparison of averages between sexes. Pearson correlation was used to track the relationship between variables. Were adopted a significance level of p <0.05. Results: 242 adolescents were evaluated in relation to measures anthropometric, body composition, clinical and dietary. The boys presented higher weight (67.94 ± 20.01kg), height (1.72 ± 0.07m), body musculature (44.03 ± 3.22%), hydration (57.07 ± 4.74%), bones (13.43 ± 0.81%), resting energy expenditure (2709,67±332,20kcal), energy needs estimated by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) (1841.06 ± 350, 68kcal) and Estimated Energy Requirement (EER) (3358.42 ± 704, 90kcal), systolic blood pressure (115.49 ± 12, 04mmHg), higher caloric intake (4368,04±2222,97 kcal), carbohydrates (593,83±331,08 g), protein (156,58±85,17 g) and lipids (147,49±85,34 g) in grams when compared to girls (p<0,05). Conclusion: There was difference in food consumption between the sexes, however, the percentage distribution of macronutrients were in agreement with the recommendation. It was observed that the higher the consumption of calories, proteins and lipids, the higher the stature, the percentage of musculature, hydration and bones.