Dinâmica da ocupação do solo de três bacias hidrográficas da Região Amazônica de Mato Grosso

Abstract

The present study aimed to quantify in terms of area the changes in land use and occupation occurring in a period of 29 years, in the years of 1986, 1997, 2006 and 2015, as well as the presence of conflicts of land occupation in Permanent Preservation Areas (PPA) in the Caiabi, Nandico and Celeste River basins in the state of Mato Grosso, using images from Landsat 5 and 8. Digital processing techniques such as color combinations (false-color) and supervised classification were applied using the algorithm Of maximum likelihood (maxver), defining two thematic classes of land use, being forest and anthropized area. Conflicts were determined by inadequate occupations of the soil present in PPA. The results obtained are presented in thematic maps showing the spatial distribution of changes in landscapes, land use and land cover due to the deforestation recorded and quantitatively by their respective areas. The evaluations allowed us to conclude that land use varied significantly during the period analyzed. It was estimated that 44% of the forest class area, relative to the total watershed area, were removed, while the anthropic area class gained 44% between 1986-2015. The largest change in the study was reported between the transition from 1997 to 2006, totaling 1017 km². The area estimated for PPAs was 106.7 km², although it was 86% occupied by the forest class in 1986, 14% of its area was occupied by the anthropized area class. Visually the greatest conflict between land use classes was observed in 1997, where 55% of forest area reduction wa