Produtividade de cultivar de soja com crescimento determinado em diferentes espaçamentos entre linhas e densidades de plantas

Abstract

The main challenge of agriculture has been to increase grain yield without opening up new agricultural areas. The development of more efficient management practices is of paramount importance, and among them is the spatial arrangement of plants. The objective of the work was to evaluate the response of soybean cultivar 98Y30 to sowing at different spacings between plant lines and populations. The experiment was conducted at the Migliorini farm in Sinop, MT, in the agricultural year 2017/2018. The experimental design was in randomized blocks and the averages were compared by the Tukey test at 5%, the plots consisted of four treatments and three replicates. The treatments consisted of two spacings between the lines, 25 cm (densified) and 50 cm (conventional), combined with two sowing densities 40 plants / m² (recommended population) and 80 plants / m² (densified). The evaluated characteristics were number of pods per plant, final height of plants and yield of grains per hectare. The increase in sowing density resulted in higher intraspecific competition among the plants, resulting in higher plants, with fewer pods per plant and lower grain yield, and there was no significant interference of shortening of the interline in this situation. At the density of 40 plants / m² the spacing of 25 cm showed a productivity of 4 207.83 kg / ha, a considerably higher value than the spacing of 50 cm, the one that presented greater competition between the plants and reached the maximum light interception possible later, this treatment also showed the one with the greatest number of pods and lower height of plants.