Biomassa microbiana do solo em sistemas integrados de produção agropecuária com níveis crescentes de diversidade vegetal no cerrado

Abstract

Integrated crop-livestock system emerged as an alternative to the conventional production system, as they exploit the natural resources of the soil with less degradation, promoting the improvement of their chemical, physical and biological attributes. The objective of this study was to evaluate soil microbial biomass in integrated crop-livestock system in the south of Mato Grosso, to enable the production of cotton and safflower maize in sandy soils. The experiment was carried out at the Matogrossense of Cotton Institute, in the municipality of Rondonópolis, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil, in a Quartzarenic Neosol with 18% clay. The experimental design was of randomized blocks, the implanted treatments are: T1 - Cotton / fallow / cotton; T2 - Soybean / corn / fallow; T3 - Pasture / maize intercropped with U. ruziziensis, niger and cowpea / soybean; T4 - Mixed pasture with U. ruziziensis, niger, forage turnip and crotalaria (8 months) / cotton / fallow / soybean / pasture intercropped with U. ruziziensis, niger, millet / soybean / pasture intercropped with U. ruziziensis, niger, forage turnip and crotalaria; T5 - Soil / pasture of U. ruziziensis intercropped with niger, forage turnip, buckwheat and crotalaria / maize intercropped with U. ruziziensis, niger and crotalaria / cotton / fallow / millet / soybean / maize intercropped with U. ruziziensis, buckwheat and crotalaria / cotton / fallow / millet. The treatments with higher levels of diversity presented significant differences for all attributes, for the C-BMS there was an increase of 370 mg C kg soil-1 % of microbial C in T4, the N of the BMS followed the same trend of carbon. RBS and qCO2 were less than 300% in treatments with higher levels of diversity. The qMIC was of 1.1% higher in T4 compared to T1. The microbiological attributes are increased when the SIPA in the system.