Repercussões maternas da associação do diabete e de dieta hipercalórica na prenhez de ratas

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease characterized by defects in insulin action, production and/or secretion. The seek for high-fat and high-sugar foods can be an aggravating factor in the maternal organism in face of this pathophysiology. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of hypercaloric diet and diabetes status association diabetic pregnant rats. For this, was administered Streptozotocin on the 1st day of life of rats. In adulthood (90 days), after confirmation of diabetes, the rats were divided into four experimental groups: Control with standard diet (C); Control with modified diet (AC); Diabetic with standard diet (D) and Diabetic with modified diet (DA). The modified diet groups received hyperlipid chow and water containing 5% sucrose. At 120 days of age, the rats were mated and after positive diagnosis of pregnancy, the rats were submitted to the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) on day 0 of pregnancy. Body weight, water intake and food consumption were measured weekly. On the 21st day of pregnancy, the rats were anesthetized and then realized the laparotomy. Heart, liver, pancreas, spleen, kidneys, periovarine and visceral fats were removed and weighed and the gravid uterus and ovaries was removed for evaluation of maternal reproductive performance. Inadequate diet groups presented alteration in food and water consumption. Group D had increased kidneys. The DA group presented increase of the pancreas, spleen, visceral and periovarian fat. The DA group presented increase in pre and post-implantation losses. The DA group had a decrease in maternal weight gain and weight of the gravid uterus. Therefore, this study demonstrated that the association of the hypercaloric diet and diabetes lead to systemic alterations and impair maternal performance.