Cartas de níveis de qualidade ambiental em ambiente SIG

Abstract

The present work approaches a study of the impacts of the antrópicas actions related with the growth of the urbanization in the Village water Wheel, in the called area Zone of Damping of the PEGLA (State Park Grotto of the Blue Lagoon). Main the economic activity of the region is the geoturismo, cattle and the mineral extration, over all of the calcareous rock. The concern with the conservation of the environment is a subject argued in the whole world, works on the awareness and the necessity to protect the nature, is many and the initiatives come back toward this action in its majority take in consideration only the half biótico, forgetting themselves half abiótico it, that exerts much influence in the biótico. In the present work one evaluates the effect of the acceleration of the urbanization, with its impacts on the basin of the stream of Mata and on the Area of the Unit of Cárstica Conservation of the State Park Grotto of the Blue Lagoon, both pertaining ones to the basin of the river Cuiabazinho, tributary of the river Cuiabá. The urban occupation of the springs of the stream of Mata and the existing areas in entorno of the cársticos outcrops has brought a series of ambient problems, such as the pollution of the superficial water bodies and underground mainly for domestic sewer and an extreme number of artesian wells is responsible for the fast degradation of the freático sheet and the light exploration of the limy cause fears in the region. The biggest problem currently of the Village is not the availability and yes the access to the water sources in good conditions of use. This because the existing aquíferos in the Park and its entorno, that alternative sources or primary sources of water exploration consist, depend on the climatológicas and hidrogeológicas characteristics of the region, and the estimate of parameters as recharge, capacity of storage and transmissividade, essential factors for evaluation of the current potentiality and the construction of scenes that direct the rational exploration of these sources. The exaggerated perforation of artesian wells and the opening of fossas in region where the limy rock if finds broken intensely, or presenting levels of alteration or intense dissolution, have that to receive treatment, what it becomes necessary to coat the well and to construct fossas septic with anaeróbicos filters, in order to prevent the contamination of the aquíferos. To the end, an analysis of the intensity of the punctuations and its density in the geographic space was carried through, by means of the tool Kernel Density. The result of this inquiry is a letter of levels of the ambient quality, which allowed to consider a script of action in the district water Wheel, illustrated by means of the elaboration of a interpretativa letter.