Milheto como fitorremediador do glifosato em latossolo vermelho

Abstract

The increase in agricultural potential in Brazil is a worldwide highlight, the need for technologies to support this production capacity and necessary, the use of herbicides has become indispensable for large-scale production and with increasing use to the requirements of environmental impact studies. This study evaluated the potential of the millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br) as a phytoremediating plant of the herbicide Glyphosate in Latossolo. The experiment was conducted in a vegetation house, in a randomized block design, composed of a factorial 5x3, with five application periods before sowing (0, 3, 6, 9 and 12) days before sowing and three simulated rain blades (0mm, 20mm and 30mm), with four repetitions. Twenty-one millet seeds were sown 12 hours after rainfall simulation in the last spraying period. Throughout the experiment the soil was maintained at 80% of the pot capacity. The millet remained in the soil for 30 days and after its conduction, soybean (Glycine max (L.)), BRSMT painted as bioindicator of the herbicide, was sown. The action of the herbicide was evaluated for millet culture by means of the variables: visual phytotoxication (%), dry root mass (g) and for soy through visual phytotoxication (%), dry mass of the aerial part (g) and dry root mass (g). For millet and soybean phytotoxication, the present study demonstrated interaction between simulated rainfall slides and periods of spraying with a higher rainfall phytotoxication index of 30 mm and a period of 12 days after sowing. For dry mass of the corn root it was found that rainfall 30 mm and the period 12 days after sowing had a better performance of the variable. In the dry mass of the aerial part and of the soybean root, it was shown that the 30 mm rain blades induced better results for the variable and for both variables, the period did not present significant difference between the medias obtained. Pennisetum glaucum was not efficient as a phytoremediator of the herbicide glyphosate in red latosol and (Glycine max (L.)) presented good characteristics as a bioindicator of the persistence of the herbicide as a succession culture.