Efeito do espaçamento entre linhas e da densidade de plantas na produtividade da soja

Abstract

The soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) is one of the most important legumes grown in Brazil and worldwide. It was implanted in Mato Grosso from the 1970, with low yielding cultivars. The advance of agricultural production required the creation of new technologies and greater efficiency of the means of production. This study aimed to evaluate different arrangements of soybean cultivar TMG 1180 due to its plasticity, aiming to reduce the population of plants.m-2. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design, with 5 replicates of 4m wide and 5m long. The evaluated arrangements were the control, with spacing between 45 cm lines and population of 18 plants.m-1, 30 cm between rows and population of 3.33 plants.m-1, 30 cm between rows and population of 12 plants.m-1, 60 cm between rows and population of 12 plants.m-1 and 60 cm between rows and population of 24 plants.m1. They were evaluated productivity, weight of a thousand grains, number of pods, number of grains, diameter of stem and height of plants. The arrangement of 45 cm and 12 plants.m-1 obtained the highest productivity, while the arrangement 30 cm with 3.33 plants.m-1 obtained the largest weight of a thousand grains, more pods, more grains per plant and the largest stem diameter. The arrangement 60 cm with 24 plants.m-1 obtained the highest plant height. The control obtained the highest productivity by area. The arrangement 30 cm with 3.33 plantas.m-1 obtained the highest productivity per plant.