Agrobiodiversidade em quintais agroflorestais de Sinop, Mato Grosso

Abstract

The conventional models of cultivation have contributed for degradation of ecosystems, and the systems of agroforestry backyards benefit the agricultural biodiversity. This research aimed to identify the agricultural biodiversity of agroforestry backyards, to calculate the diversity of species and to classify them by literature review about plant families, uses and origin, in properties around the city of Sinop – Mato Grosso. This study envolved ten agroforestry gardens, and the data collection was made by semi-structure questionnaire and by free note taking list technique. Interviewees, were 80% female and 20% male, most of them were immigrants from south of the country over 20 years ago. Farmers mentioned 169 names of plants, but ten of them were the same species, being indentified, therefore,159.The shannon diversity index was 4.87, which indicates high diversity. The species are distributed in 58 plant families, the most representatives were: Myrtacease (11), Lamiacease (10), Aracaceae, Brassicaceae e Fabaceae (9 each species), Poaceae, Cucurbitaceae e Rutaceae (7 each species), Solanaceae (6). The average of species by property was 44.7. Of all mentioned plants, 65.5% are cultivated in home gardens, 28% small farms and 6.5% forest. About the use, 76% are for cooking, 15% medicinal purposes and 9% other uses. From the identified plants, 32.3% are native and 67.7% exotic. The backyards of Sinop have a rich diversity of species, fomented by the consumption and commercialization in city fairs.