Metodologia ativa em atividades educativas: uma estratégia de promoção à saúde do homem no município de Sinop-MT

Abstract

Comparative studies between men and women have proven the fact that men are more vulnerable to diseases, especially the chronic illnesses and have a lower life expectancy, on average 7.4 years less. In order to reverse this situation, the Ministry of Health (MOH) in 2008, presented as one of the government's priorities, the National Policy for Integral Attention to Men's Health (NPIAMH), in order to propose and implement actions of comprehensive health care of males, aged between 25 and 59 years. In this directionality health education is included in the nursing practice as a means for establishing a dialogic and reflexive relationship between nurse and client, in order to make you aware about the health disease process and help ensure that this individual is perceived as the subject transformation of his life, his family and the community in which it appears. The study aims to analyze the methodology used in educational activities in health aimed at men attending a primary healthcare unit in the municipality of Sinop-MT. This is an action research with descriptive exploratory objective qualitative approach involving 13 men met in a UBS by signing the consent form. This work is linked to the research project "Knowledge of the male population about the andropause phase: the educational activity of nurses", duly registered and approved by the Vice - Presidency of Research (PR) FUMT under the registration number 148 / CAP / 2014. Thus, the project was approved by the Ethics Committee through the report number 568938/2014. Thus, the project was approved by the Ethics Committee through the opinion No. 568,938 / 2014. Respondents had their identities preserved by numerical coding. All discussions were recorded on audio capture devices and then transcribed. Then made to textualization thereof and the systematization of data having focused the perceptions of interviewees. In the analysis we used the thematic content analysis technique. The analytical categories emerged: 1) Knowledge of men about the topics covered; 2) A male culture as inhibitory factor in the demand for health care; 3) The approach to men in health care areas; and 4) Life habits as contributors or impediments to search for health. As analysis of the reports it was found that questions about gender and male culture cause great impact on the formation of values and conceptions of men, which are rooted in ideas and that reflects in the way or not practice self-care. Also according to the lines, it was observed that health education activities produced as immediate result the change in knowledge of the participants about the topics addressed. Therefore, it is concluded that health education is constituted as a major tool for the insertion of the male population in health services, in addition to producing individuals holders of knowledge about their health, and to promote significant changes in behavior when it comes to health promotion and self-care management.