Tijolos de adobe de solo estabilizado com resíduo de gesso

Abstract

The Civil Construction Industry (CCI) is one of the biggest wastes’ producer, such waste, when not properly forwent may cause huge environment issues, such as, soil, air and both superficial and underground water pollution. Plaster is a material that is frequently used by the CCI, but such demand has increased the amount of waste produced by the CCI. Plaster’s wastes are mainly created due to the breakthrough of the precast elements, and its holding period. When not properly disposed plaster’s wastes when in touch with organic matter and water, results in calcium ions (Ca2+) and sulfate (SO42-), causing changes in the soil’s alkalinity and contaminating groundwater, besides, when in touch with air moisture and anaerobic conditions may cause a slightly formation of hydrogen gas, which is flammable and toxic. Aiming the reduction of such damages, reduction and reusing techniques of those plaster’s waste can be used. With this in mind, this project suggest the use of adobe with soil stabilized with plaster residue which can contribute to the reduction of waste, as a sustainable technique, which cooperates with the reduction of problems caused by traditional construction techniques, since adobe bricks don’t have a need to be burned during it’s process, besides having a low production cost. Blocks with 0.50%, 2.50% and 5.00% of recycled plaster were cast and evaluated for simple compressive strength, dipping absorption, shrinkage and durability. Also, analysis in blocks made with commercial plaster with the same contents, in order to evaluate the efficiency of the recycling process of this binder, were made. The addition of recycled plaster altered the soil consistency limits and promoted resistance gains of the same order as those verified for commercial plaster. The resistance values verified with the use of plaster are higher than the values verified by Santos (2018) and Novato (2019) using lime and cement as stabilizing agents, respectively. Despite this, the blocks presented inadequate shrinkage values and sensitivity in the presence of water. Anyhow, it’s observed that the use of plaster to make ecological blocks, for internal sealing, is a potential alternative for the disposal of this waste. The difficulties found during this project can be overcome with the use of waterproofing fibers and additives.