Análise da potabilidade da água consumida em residências na cidade de Barra do Garças/MT

Abstract

Water has become an increasingly limited resource due to inadequate dumping of solid waste and sanitary wastes in water resources. Even passing through the treatment provided by the concessionaires, the water can present alterations in its quality, such alterations can be caused by the condition of the final consumer's reservoir. In this context, the present work seeks to explore the causes and consequences of changes in water quality. Two neighborhoods with different social characteristics were chosen for this study. In the field stage, interviews were conducted to obtain information regarding the frequency of maintenance and cleaning, the current state of the reservoirs, and the collection of water samples. Subsequently, following all normative standards, laboratory tests were carried out, investigating the physicochemical characteristics of the water, including hardness, alkalinity, acidity, chloride, residual chlorine and pH, and a microbiological test to verify the presence of thermotolerant coliforms. The interviews showed that in the upper-class neighborhood (Bairro Y) there is a greater frequency of cleaning and maintenance of the reservoirs, with all reservoirs being arranged in an appropriate place. In the lower-class neighborhood (Bairro X), the interview pointed out that there is no periodicity in cleaning and maintenance, and many of the reservoirs were in inappropriate places, making access difficult. It was also possible to note that thirty percent of the reservoirs in Bairro X did not have an adequate dimension, leaving the residents without water when the public supply was interrupted. On the other hand, the residents of Bairro Y, guarantee that they are protected for the minimum time, when water is interrupted by the concessionaires, thus ensuring that the sizing of the reservoirs is adequate. During the microbiological analysis, the presence of thermotolerant coliforms were not found. In the analysis of hardness, chloride and pH, non-standard values were not presented. The alkalinity and acidity tests were the ones that presented more cases outside the standards required by the bodies responsible for water quality, these changes were found mostly in Bairro Y. In a general parameter, considering only the analyzes performed, preliminarily can be said that the water in the reservoirs of the residences of Barra do Garças can be considered potable, without presenting any factors that could harm its quality, and it is not necessary to carry out other analyzes to guarantee the potability, in sight of the information obtained from interviews about non-disinfection.