Avaliação das enteroparasitoses em um centro laboratorial de Barra Do Garças – MT

Abstract

Intestinal parasitesare considered a serious public health problem, especially in underdeveloped countries, and can be caused by protozoa and / or helminths, and are associated with poor basic sanitation conditions, socioeconomic level, education level, age, drinking water supply and Health education. The transmission of intestinal parasitic infections usually occurs via the oral-fecal route, through the ingestion of protozoan cysts and helminth eggs present in contaminated food and / or water. The objective of this work was to evaluate the cases of enteroparasitosis, through a retrospective analysis of parasitological exams of feces performed in a laboratory center in the city of Barra do Garças-MT, as well as to draw a profile of the patients attended and to identify the most prescribed antiparasitic drugs in the periods from May 2019 to January 2020. For this, an observational, descriptive study with cross-sectional design was carried out, based on the analysis of archived clinical data and dispensation report at the Municipal Laboratory Doutor Arnulfo da Cunha Coutinho and at the basic Pharmacy of the municipality respectively. The variables analyzed were: sex, age, place of residence and prescription drugs. 977 stool tests were performed, of which 46 were positive. The most found parasites, among protozoa, were Entamoeba coli (45.65%), Giardia lamblia (32.61%), Entamoeba histolytica (8.70%) and Endolimax nana (6.52%); among helminths, Ancilostomídeo sp. (4.35%) and Strongyloides stercoralis (2.17%). The female sex was the most affected (56.52%) and the age group between 3 to 17 years old presented the highest number of cases (47.83%). Regarding housing, there was a predominance in neighborhoods furthest from the city center, such as Nova Barra and Vila Maria, both with 15.22% of cases. A greater dispensation of Albendazole 400mg was found, followed by Metronidazole 250mg at the basic pharmacy in the municipality. Regarding the months of the year with the highest frequency of cases of enteroparasitosis, the months of May 2019 (7 cases) and January 2020 (18 cases) stand out. Those months also coincided with the period of greatest dispensation of Albendazole. Despite public health efforts to combat intestinal parasites, they are still a serious problem today. Works like this, collaborate with health authorities, alerting to the needs of each population and reinforcing the importance of improving sanitary conditions to prevent enteroparasitosis.