Perfil epidemiológico e estado nutricional de idosos comunitários portadores de Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2

Abstract

In the aging process, it is common the appearance of non-communicable chronic diseases, such as Diabetes Mellitus, which, associated or not with other comorbidities, can lead to complications that incapacitate the elderly. The present study is an excerpt from the research entitled "Sarcopenia-Associated Frailty Syndrome in Elderly People with Diabetes Mellitus" and aims to assess the epidemiological profile and nutritional status of community-dwelling elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated at a Basic Health Unit in Brazil. Municipality of Sinop -MT from September 2019 to April 2020. This is a quantitative, crosssectional study conducted with 70 elderly people with a confirmed diagnosis of DM2. Data collection was carried out in four stages: 1. Sociodemographic conditions; 2. Health conditions; 3. Clinical conditions of the disease; 4. Nutritional Assessment. Data analysis through statistical package, applied descriptive analysis using frequency, mean, median, standard deviation, minimum and maximum. The survey had mostly female participants (58.57%), aged between 60 and 74 years (61.46%), white (57.14%), married (51.43%), family income between 1 and 2 minimum wages (50%). As for the clinical conditions of the disease, the mean BMI was 28.04 and the HbA1c dosage was 6.8. It was found that 74.29% were on a diet to control the disease and 51.67 practiced physical activity, 55.88% had a history of hyperglycemia, and 62.50% reported not having had episodes of hypoglycemia. Of the respondents, 61.43% had normal nutritional status, 34.29% were at risk of malnutrition and 4.28% were malnourished according to the MAN. As for the assessment of the body mass index, 68.57% of the elderly were overweight (BMI > 27). The elderly have mostly a good nutritional status according to the MAN, but there is an appearance of overweight according to the BMI. Females and those aged >75 years seem to be more susceptible to overweight. The population studied appears, in large part, to receive and follow the guidelines on self-care carried out by the multidisciplinary team of the health unit, in addition to good adherence to the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.