Composição química de variedades de soja ao longo do armazenamento

Abstract

Soybean is considered a crop of great economic importance, due to its nutritional value and wide agro-industrial application. This work aimed to evaluate the suitability of early cycle soybean varieties for storage through their main chemical components. The soybeans used were harvested in na experimental área of Agropel Sementes, located in the municipality of Sinop, state of Mato grosso, in the 2018/2019 harvest. Grains of 13 varieties were used (BG 4781 IPRO, TMG 7067 IPRO, SW BRIZA RR, BRS 7380 RR, SYN 15640, RK 8115 IPRO, TMG 2378 IPRO, XI 731773, CD 2728 IPRO, ULTRA IPRO, DS 7417 IPRO, DESAFIO RR e RK 7518 IPRO). The grains were stored for 90 days in ambient condition and the chemical componentes were evaluated (moisture, protein, ash, ether extract and residual constituents) at 0 and 90 days of storage. The average temperature and relative humidity of the air during storage were 25.3 °C and 62.3%, respectively. The experiment was designed according to a completely randomized design arranged in a 13 × 2 factorial, with 13 varieties and 2 storage times (0 and 90 days). All analyzes were performed with three replications. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and means were compared by the Scott-Knott test, at a significance level of 5% probability. Except for the ash contente that varied only between varieties and the residual constituents contente that did not differ between varieties, but increased during storage, it was observed, in general, that the storage time acted differently in the chemical composition of the grains of each variety, since there was na interaction between these factors. The protein content, in general, decreased, with the highest means always observed for the DESAFIO PP, CD 2728 IPRO, BRS 7380 RR and SW BRIZA RR varieties. The ether extract content, in general, increased over time, with the highest means always observed for the varieties TMG 7067 IPRO, XI 731773, SYN 15640, DS 7417 IPRO, and TMG 2378 IPRO.