Classificação tátil visual de solos para fins construtivos do município de Barra do Garças - MT

Abstract

The construction industry is the sector that has the greatest impact on the environment, as a consumer of natural resources and a generator of waste. To compensate for the environmental impacts related to the activities of the construction sector, buildings made on earth have become a great sustainable alternative. These are processes with low energy consumption, lower waste generation, and lower emission of pollutants, among others. As an example of construction made with earth, we can mention adobe, rammed earth, and hand rammed earth. Due to its characteristics, each technique requires soils with different properties. A practical way of classifying soils is by visualtactile analysis. Through this analysis, it is possible to trace the soil profile and its possible applications. For the present work, 9 soil samples were collected from different regions of Barra do Garças - MT, and the analyses were carried out in a visualtactile way. According to the characteristics presented, it is possible to estimate the most appropriate construction techniques with earth based on the results of visualtactile tests. Soils suitable for the adobe technique were molded in 4 adobe bricks, of which 3 blocks were submitted to the simple compressive strength test, and 1 block to the disaggregation test (Slaking Test). All adobe blocks presented compressive strength above the required by NBR 16814 (ABNT, 2020) of 1.5 MPa. In the disaggregation test, all blocks suffered total disintegration by a slump. To avoid this event, it is necessary to protect the construction from direct contact with water, through wide eaves, and waterproofed plaster, and increase the foundations to keep the walls away from the ground.