Avaliação de duas cultivares de café arábica sombreadas em Barra do Garças – MT.

Abstract

Coffee (Coffea) is the fifth product in the Brazilian export agenda, generating more than 8 million jobs. The use of agroforestry systems has been increasing due to their environmental benefits and reduced costs for small producers, as well as being a viable way to produce coffee due to climate change occurring each year. The present study aimed to evaluate the productivity of two naturally shaded coffee cultivars in the Serra Verde settlement, in Barra do Garças - MT (15 ° 46'49.87” S, 52 ° 29'39.76” W, altitude: 350 m). The experiment was set up in native forest with two cultivars (Catucaí 2SL, Catuaí IAC 62) in a randomized block design with three replications. The variables analyzed were the production in bags benefited from coffee, shading and soil fertility. The average yield in the two years of the experiment was 7 bags per hectare and was below the national average of 30 sc/ha, being 4.1 and 9.9 bags per hectare in 2018 and 2019 respectively, with no significant difference between the two cultivars. The shading levels in the experiment ranged from 22 to 100% in some plots, resulting in an overall average of 61 to 67% in 2018 and 2019. However, no significant correlation between yield and shading was detected. According to soil analysis results the area of the experiment is nutritionally poor, with a liming of 1.98 ton/ha in the crown projection. The low productivity levels detected in this experiment may be related to a sum of factors such as low soil fertility, average shading above 50% and previous history of miner attack. Thus it is expected that through the correction of these factors productivity will increase significantly in the coming years.