Análise da Fitotoxidade do Glifosato (Round up) em sementes de Alface Elba (Lactuca sativa)​

Abstract

The increase in the use of pesticides is triggered by numerous factors, whether they are the increase in the population that demands more and more food in a short time, or the lack of instruction on the correct amount of its use, among others. One of the best known pesticides today is Glyphosate, the main advantage for its use involves efficiency and non-selectivity, that is, it can be used in numerous types of plantations. In this way, the growing application associated with its irresponsible use has made it the target of research involving toxicity and the consequences for the environment and human health, so studies on the effects of its toxicity are of paramount importance. The present research analyzed the phytotoxicity of glyphosate in Elba lettuce seeds (Lactuca sativa) by means of the determination of the average inhibitory concentration (Cl50) and the average effective concentration (EC50) added to the verification of parameters of absolute germination (%GA), growth root relative (%CRR) and germination index (%GI). The study was carried out using 10 to 20 lettuce seeds deposited in Petri dishes containing approximately 1.60 grams of cotton. These seeds were exposed to 5 different concentrations, the lowest being 130 ug L-1 and the highest being 1040 ug L-1. It was verified that the seeds exposed to concentrations of 100% (1.04 mgL-1), 75% (0.78 mgL-1), 50% (0.52 mgL-1 ) were the ones with the lowest germination and root rates when compared to the concentrations 25% (0.26 mgL-1 ) and 12.5% ​​( 0.13 mgL-1). In approximately 90% of the tests carried out, the results were similar, these data possibly indicate that glyphosate caused toxicity in the exposed seeds, since it affected root growth and its germination index. Thus, further studies are needed to verify the effects and consequences of pesticides on the plant.