Armazenamento temporário de soja úmida em silo bolsa : uma solução logística

Abstract

A critical situation of the grain production system in Brazil has been the lack of static capacity for storage, characterized by few storage units at farm level, expressively in the states that have more production increases with each new harvest, such as the case of Mato Grosso.The combination of climatic factors associated with the critical harvest period faced in the state, culminate in significant losses and losses. One of the main difficulties refers to the operations of removing soy beans from the crop with high humidity and pre-processing. With this, temporary storage in the silo is an emergency way to delay for a few days or even weeks in cleaning and drying the grains. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the temporary storage of wet soy storage in bag silo, with the purpose of verifying the effects of the quality of the product, and also, quantify the costs in relation to this practice carried out on farms compared to the delivery of the product recently harvested in outsourced units. To carry out the experiment, a 60 m bag by 1.5 m height was used, where moist soybeans were stored for 12 days, with different moisture contents, 27.0; 25.7 and 22.0% w.b.., Configuring three collection points, 1, 2, and 3, respectively. To monitor the quality, four collections were made at each point over the 12 days of storage and physical and physiological variables were evaluated. With wet grains it was evaluated: moisture content, mass of 1,000 grains, bulk density, and classification according to the norm. For the purpose of comparisons with the final product, after drying (at low temperature) the physical properties were again quantified and the physiological quality (germination and accelerated aging) was also analyzed. The results obtained indicate a great variation in the physical and physiological quality of soybeans, both wet and dry, if stored with humidity above 22% w.b. even in a short period of time (4 days). Defects (damaged) tend to increase during wet grain storage. There are logistical and financial advantages in carrying out emergency storage of moisture soy in a bag silo and subsequent pre-processing and storage in a farm unit.