Proposta de otimização de fluxos físicos em canteiro de obra do tipo horizontal

Abstract

For construction companies to remain competitive, some aspects are important: productivity, quality and innovation, which comes about through the creation of a more efficient site layout, to execute works in a short time without compromising the level of quality. Given this, it is questioned how the use of the Spaghetti Diagram and the rearrangement of the layout of the facilities of a construction site, can reduce unnecessary movements, reverting to a competitive differential and even improvement for the workers. In order to reduce the displacements of the teams at the construction site during the execution of construction processes of a Housing Development, through the use of methodologies aimed at reducing activities that do not add value for the client, from the structuring of spaghetti-type diagrams to some stages of execution in the construction site, seeking to improve the layout in order to improve the displacement and transport of people or materials over greater distances, since it is a horizontal type construction site and the requirements prescribed in NR 18 - Conditions and Environment of Work in the Construction industry must be obeyed. Initially, the initial construction site was analyzed, in relation to the flow of activities and the displacement of fixed installations to the critical points, since it is not enough to make the installations available, attention must be paid to the possibility of reaching them on foot. Then, an optimized site was proposed, with the application of the Spaghetti Diagram that identified the flows and eliminated activities that did not add value allied with the principles of Lean Construction and the use of Balance Lines provided excellent reduction rates compared initial site, having 34, 07% for the flow of activities and reductions of 94.39% after the adoption of the new cafeterias and 97.01% with the implementation of the new bathrooms, both installed close to the work fronts, making it possible to reach these facilities on foot, improving quality of life for workers, due to the compliance with the requirements of NR 18, positively impacting productivity and having the competitive advantage that construction companies seek.