Colecistoduodenostomia em gato com colelitíase : relato de caso

Abstract

Diseases of the hepatobiliary system are important in the feline clinical routine. Inflammation of the gallbladder and pancreas, mucocele and stones, for example, can cause partial and total obstruction of the bile flow. These clinical changes tend to evolve to severe conditions, where there is a risk of death. Therefore, the knowledge of techniques of unblocking and diversion of bile flow are important. The objective was to report the use of the cholecystoduodenostomy technique in cats with cholelithiasis. Case: A cat was referred to the Veterinary Hospital of UFMT to perform a surgical procedure after being diagnosed, on ultrasound, with cholelithiasis. The signs presented were nonspecific, such as emesis and apathy and the biochemical blood test showed elevated liver enzymes. A cholecystoenterostomy was performed, joining the gallbladder to the duodenum. In the postoperative period, there were no changes that compromised surgical success, such as peritonitis, suture dehiscence, necrosis or infection during hospitalization. Upon returning home, the patient resumed his activities and appetite. On the return to the fifteenth postoperative day, it was well demonstrated, with ALT and AF within the normal range and moderate gallbladder wall thickening. Discussion: Gallbladder diseases in small animals are low frequency or poorly diagnosed. Cholelithiasis is rarely reported, but it usually leads to important complications that can lead the animal to death. There is clinical treatment, when the condition causes partial obstruction, however, surgical intervention is almost always necessary. Surgical methods include cholecystotomy, choledocenterostomy, cholecystoduodenostomy, cholecystojejunostomy and cholecystectomy. In the case reported, we opted for cholecystoduodenostomy, which is the anastomosis between the gallbladder and the duodenum, a technique that allows greater proximity to anatomophysiology, minimizing long-term complications. It is admitted that for a better therapeutic approach, biopsy gallbladder wall and analysis of removed cholelites would be necessary.