Obesidade na atenção primária à saúde

Abstract

Obesity is among the main causes of morbidity and mortality in Brazil and in the world, being associated with the development of other non-communicable chronic diseases. OBJECTIVE: To systematically review the literature on actions to control and fight obesity carried out in Primary Health Care (PHC) in Brazil. METHODS: Descriptive study of systematic literature review, carried out as part of the project "Obesity in Mato Grosso: coping, control and dialogue - (Research Project Management System: 248/2019)", approved by the research ethics committee of Health area of the Federal University of Mato Grosso. The articles were selected from scientific databases, using the Mendeley software for reference management, and those that met the established inclusion criteria were included in the review. RESULTS: The extracted information was tabulated, with a description of the works and information of interest. The 12 studies sought to present the obesity control and prevention initiatives developed by the Brazilian government, namely: (1) addressing the issue, dialoguing with the National Food and Nutrition Policy (PNAN) and its mediating role between the Unified Health System ( SUS) and other national policies, aimed at guaranteeing Food and Nutritional Security (SAN); (2) identifying the main strategies and challenges, in addition to synthesizing the effectiveness of nutritional strategies in the context of PHC; or (3) analyzing the characteristics of “care models” proposed and referred to by primary care professionals in a given territory. CONCLUSION: The actions by the Brazilian government aimed at combating and controlling obesity in the scope of primary care are considerable; although there are still challenges related to its implementation.