Potencial citotóxico do extrato bruto hidroetanólico da entrecasca da Cedrela odorata L.

Abstract

Plants have a great ability to produce chemical substances that can display a variety of biological activities. Therefore, Cedrela odorata L. is a plant native to the Amazon region, and its bark is widely used for the treatment of many diseases, and has been experimentally demonstrated to have an anti-hyperglycemic, antioxidant and hypolipidemic effect and is safe at doses evaluated in animals. However, safety is of fundamental importance in drug development and knowing the toxic mechanism is also essential in this process. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of the hydroethanolic extract of the inner bark of Cedrela Odorata L. (HECo). For this, Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO-K1) cells were cultured in Ham F-12 medium, supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and 1% penicillinstreptomycin 10,000U antibiotic, kept in a CO2 oven at 37°C. Cells were treated for 24h with HECo at concentrations of 1000, 800, 400, 200 and 50 μg/mL. The cytotoxic effects of the extract on cell viability were tested using the resazurin method. In order to evaluate the lactate dehydrogenase extravasation, it was quantified in the culture medium after the treatments. As a negative control, cells were treated with triton X-100 at concentrations of 0.1, 1, 10 and 100 µM. For the positive control (100%), the cells were exposed only to the culture medium. Data are expressed as mean ± mean standard error and analyzed by one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey post-test. We observed that EHCo at the three highest concentrations was able to reduce cell viability to 19%, 31 and 62%, when compared to the positive control. Treatment with triton X-100 at a concentration of 100 and 10 µM reduced cell viability by 19% and 63%, respectively. The effective dose to reduce cell viability by 50% was 560.86 µg/mL for EHCo and 56.54 µM for triton X-100. There was no difference in LDH extravasation when cells were treated with triton X-100. However, when treated with EHCo, enzyme extravasation was inversely proportional to concentration. Therefore, it is suggest EHCo has a cytotoxic effect, probably because it has high cell permeability, promoting necrosis in cells.