Contextualização de modelos atômicos a partir da percepção das cores : ensino e dificuldades de aprendizagem

Abstract

The approach of natural phenomena as a basis for deepening chemical content is something to be put into practice, so that students find meaning and overcome difficulties in learning. The objective of this research was to understand the teaching and learning process, as well as to understand the difficulties of students to have a better conceptual understanding, through a contextualization of the History of Science on atomic models and the perception of colors. This work used a thematic workshop called "The chemistry of colors", providing the students of the Instrumentation for Chemistry Teaching course, of the Degree in Chemistry of the University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá campus, an active participation and a different way of relate to the teaching of chemistry. This work had a qualitative approach, being outlined by characteristic elements of a case study. An experimental kit was used as an instrument for the workshop and two questionnaires for data collection. In the workshop, physical concepts such as light emission and chemical concepts such as photochemical reactions were used to contextualize the atomic models up to Bohr and then explain the visible spectrum and the concepts necessary for understanding the perception of colors using the experimental kit: “A fantastic journey into the world of colors and sensations”, produced by the University of São Paulo. It was noticed that in the answers to the questionnaires, one of the students presented their learning difficulties as the attention deficit, and some chemical concepts were close to what was expected, but shy as in the case of the relationship made between quantum theory and quantum numbers. In the second questionnaire, used after the workshop, the two students already presented words with photons, waves and more in-depth concepts on the theme of colors such as: light refraction and the chemical phenomena involved. This work provided a new look at learning difficulties, directing it to find ways to overcome them in the school environment, and also for the interesting use of themes and experimental kits, aiming to link students' previous knowledge to the natural processes experienced daily.