Crescimento econômico em países emergentes : estudo de caso de Brasil e China

Abstract

The aim of this work is to use descriptive analysis, supported by the heterodox macroeconomic model of economic growth, to analyze the economic growth of the two main emerging economies that produce and export commodities, Brazil and China. Therefore, answer why and what factors led the Chinese economy to show greater growth than Brazil. The model aims to incorporate the post-Keynesian, Kaldorian theory of economic growth into its theoretical framework, with the current ideas of McCombie and Thirlwall (2004). An analysis of the growth of these economies is carried out, using the Kaldorian model and its six stylized facts to infer the level of growth of nations compared to the great powers. It uses the structural transformation model present in Thirlwall & Hussain (1982), to infer the level of growth of these nations. The results obtained show a slowdown in the growth of the Brazilian economy, which impacts the evolution to reach the standard of development economies. In the case of the Chinese economy, the results demonstrate robust and constant growth, provided by a rapid process of structuring transformation and minimal dependence on IDE, which has a positive impact behind it to fit among the developed economies in the coming years.