O papel do estado chinês no estabelecimento dos grandes grupos empresariais nacionais pós 1978

Abstract

This work presents elements that can help in understanding the process of establishment, restructuring, expansion and internationalization of Large Chinese Companies from a perspective of the history of execution of large projects and national movements that aim at internal development and global insertion. . In this sense, the centrality of the work lies in the analysis of the growth and rise process of the main Chinese groups through internationalization and prominence among the largest groups in the world. In this sense, the central problem of this research consisted of: investigating the movements of the Chinese state towards the creation and expansion of a powerful list of public companies capable of dictating the pace of the country's economic evolution. In order to make the explanation about the growth in the number of large Chinese companies worldwide clearer, in 1995 China had only 2 companies on the list of the 500 largest in the world, while in 2023 this number reached 135, a increase of 6650%. From the research carried out, it is observed that the main elements that contributed to the growth and rise of the groups were, in chronological order: economic reforms, which began in 1978, the creation of incentive instruments and market control for the largest groups of sectors considered strategic, in the 1990s, and the internationalization process that has occurred in a coordinated manner since the first decade of the 21st century.