Estudo de proteção de uma usina fotovoltaica em DIgSILENT

Abstract

Photovoltaic generation in Brazil has grown significantly in recent years, being the renewable source that grew the most in the country. According to EPE (Empresa de Pesquisa Energética), in 2020, distributed micro and mini-generation reached 9,810 GWh, with an installed capacity of 8,965 MW. Highlight for the photovoltaic solar source, with 9,019 GWh and 8,771 MW of generation and installed capacity respectively, and representing an important alternative to diversify the Brazilian energy matrix. According to the National Electric Energy Agency (ANEEL) in its normative resolution No. 1000/2021, it ensures that the Brazilian consumer can generate their own electricity from renewable sources. Thus, in recent years, the number of photovoltaic systems installed in Brazil has grown considerably, due to the growing demand for energy. It is clear when observing the numbers in the period of the second half of 2022, that photovoltaic plants appear as the second largest number of plants under construction, second only to wind power plants, Expansão da Matriz Elétrica Brasileira February/2023 by ANEEL (2023). However, connecting these distributed generation systems to the power grid presents challenges such as voltage variations and short circuit levels. For this, it is necessary to ensure that, in the event of failures or disturbances, these systems are isolated from the electrical network. The study of protection plays a crucial role in this process. The protection study is a technical analysis carried out to determine the protection strategies to be taken, involving the analysis and dimensioning of the protection equipment, seeking to ensure that they are correctly configured and can detect and isolate failures efficiently and quickly. ensuring and bringing reliability to the electrical system, minimizing the risk of failures. In addition to considering aspects such as coordination and selectivity, so that only the affected part of the system is turned off in the event of failures, minimizing the impact on other consumers. The use of software for fault simulations offers a detailed view of the behavior of the electrical system in abnormal situations. The present work intends to verify and validate the data presented in the protection study carried out at the Colorado farm, located in the municipality of Diamantino, Mato Grosso. the analyzes will be through DIgSILENT, which will allow the modeling and studies relevant to protection, always aiming to comply with local regulations.