Classificação e propriedades físicas de grãos de milho : avaliando diferentes híbridos em dois locais de produção

Abstract

Due to its favorable climatic conditions for grain production, Brazil has presented very expressive numbers, positioning itself among the largest food producers in the world. However, as production grew, quality standards also became stricter. If, on the one hand, climatic conditions contribute to obtaining higher yields, on the other hand, high temperatures and other climatic factors are responsible for triggering qualitative problems. In this way, knowing and understanding these patterns improves and contributes positively to the commercialization process, resulting in economic advantages. The objective of this work was to evaluate the physical quality of corn grains harvested in the second crop of 2020/21, produced in two municipalities in the northern region of Mato Grosso. Thirty-seven samples of corn hybrids were collected in the municipalities of Alta Floresta (27 materials) and Sinop (10 materials). The quality was evaluated by means of physical characteristics of the grains (moisture content, bulk density, 1000 grain weight and size and shape) and defects (burned, moldy, fermented, weevil, germinated, hollow or immature and plastered). The classification process was according to the maize classification standard. The results obtained indicated that the corn crop evaluated was not conducive to the formation of defects in the grains, and could be classified, for the most part, in Type 1. The values for 1000 grain weight and bulk density showed great dispersion between materials, climate dependent at the end of the cycle. The physical properties showed important variation due to the type of material.