Potencial zoonótico da microbiota fúngica de excretas de aves cativas no Zoológico da UFMT

Abstract

In the literature little has been reported about fungal microbiota in excreta of wild birds of the Pantanal and Cerrado. These birds are hosts of a rich fungal microbiota; assume an important role in the epidemiology of zoonosis including the opportunistic mycoses, which can cause serious health problems as a result. This was a cross-sectional descriptive study whose goal was the identification of fungi from the excreta of the birds of prey and pscitacídeos located in 17 enclosures intended for visitation at the Zoo of UFMT. To this end, the following species were selected: Maracanã Verdadeira (Primolius maracana), Arara Canindé (Ara ararauna) Red Macaw (Ara chloroptra), Blue Macaw (Anadorhynchus hyacinthinus), Araracanga (Ara macao), True Parrot (Amazona aestiva), King Vulture (Sarcoramphus papa), Beautiful Hawk (Busarellus nigricolis), Tawny Owl (Bubo virginianus), Grey Eagle (Harpyaliaetus coronatus), Black Hawk (Urubutinga urubutinga), Duck Hawk (Spizaetus melanoleucos), Hawk plume (Spizaetus ormatus), Long-tailed (Buteo albonotatus) crochet lace and Real Hawk (Harpia harpyja). The methodology used was composed of collection of excreta in triplicate, dilution (1:30) in saline, isolation of Sabouraud dextrose agar colonies plus chloramphenicol (120 mg/mL), and subsequent observation of macroscopic and micromorphological characteristics. Different species of fungi were isolated and mycelian with predominance of yeast. The most isolated fungal species were: Aspergillus níger (16,3 x 102ufc/mL)-True Parrot (Amazona aestiva); Penicillium citrinum (9,0x10² ufc/mL)-True Parrot (Amazon aestiva P. citrinum (17,4 x 102ufc/mL), A. níger (17,1x102 ufc/mL)-Grey Eagle (Harpyaliaetus coronatus); A. bombycis (24,0x10² cfu/mL), Cryptococcus var. albidus (19,8x10² cfu/mL)-Duck Hawk (Spizeatus melanoleucos); A. níger (47,4x102 cfu/mL)-Real Hawk (Harpia harpyja); A. flavus (18,0x10² cfu/mL)-Roadside Hawk (Rupornis magnirostris). The genus Aspergillus was most isolated considering the group of micelian fungi. These findings indicate the presence of potentially pathogenic species present in the excreta of the birds assessed and risk exposure of handlers and individuals that perform visitation to the Zoo. The birds of Cerrado and Pantanal matogrossense can act in epidemiological chain of major zoonosis.