Perfil nutricional de diabéticos e hipertensos em hemodiálise

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) and hemodialysis treatment can affect the nutritional status (NE) of patients. Objective: To analyze the nutritional profile of diabetic and hypertensive patients admitted to hemodialysis treatment. Methodology: Cross-sectional study, with secondary data, with patients with CKD on HD undergoing treatment at two clinics in Cuiabá-MT in 2018. Patients aged ≥ 20 years, of both sexes and demographic, socioeconomic, and social evaluations were included. lifestyle and nutritional profile according to the condition of weight and waist compliance (WC). Data were analyzed using SPSS 17.0 and considered significant at p<0.05. Results: Of the total of 110 patients, 23.6% (n=26) were diabetic and 75.5% (n=83) were hypertensive. Most were male (61.8%; n=68). Half (n=13) of the diabetics and 60.2% (n=50) of the hypertensive patients were adults. Most had completed elementary school (47.2%; n=51), monthly salary of up to 2 minimum courses (70.9%; n=78) and dialysis time < 4 years (57.3% ; n=63). 8.4% (n=7) of the hypertensive patients were smokers and none were diabetic. Consumed alcohol 18.3% (n=15) of hypertensive and 23.1% (=6) of diabetics. Most did not practice physical exercise (62.7%; n=69). Regarding NE, 61.5% (n=16) of diabetics were overweight and the WC of diabetics was significantly higher compared to non-diabetics (p=0.008). Verification of the weight and WC condition of hypertensive individuals in relation to non-hypertensive individuals was not verified. Conclusion: The nutritional profile of diabetic and hypertensive patients on HD is heterogeneous and reflects the changes that have occurred in the general population, with the increase in non-communicable chronic diseases, demonstrating the need for personalized nutritional care for these patients.