Energia fotovoltáica : viabilidade econômica, sustentabilidade e a instabilidade tributária em Mato Grosso

Abstract

Brazil has a great potential for the use of photovoltaic solar energy, considering that its entire territory has a good solar incidence during the year. With the increasing population energy sources have become increasingly scarce, as most of them come from non-renewable sources, and due to the rapid growth of the process of industrialization, urbanization, and modernization of the production technology of the countryside and the city, the demand for energy in Brazil and the world has intensified, climate change from the emission of polluting gases. The search for renewable energy sources, as well as the study of these sources has become a priority in terms of energy efficiency, which motivates this research, considering that exploitation of solar energy is a viable alternative, both in technical and economic terms, because it proves to be environmentally sustainable, despite its high cost and tax instability in the definition of collection in the compensation system in the state of Mato Grosso, main barriers to implementation on a commercial and even residential scale, according to the results achieved by the research. The objective of this work is to demonstrate the sources of alternative and renewable energies to replace traditional sources, demonstrating a simple economic feasibility study, comparing the cost in kind taking into account the return time of invested capital, making a study of solar energy, focusing on economic aspects, technological innovations, sustainable development, bringing the advantages of implementation in our state Mato Grosso. The methodology used was supported by bibliographic research, having a descriptive basis, seeking to explore greater understanding about the issues pointed out. It presents a qualitative and quantitative approach, used case study, being the nature of basic academic research. It looks forward to the search to contribute and encourage sustainable forms of consumption, bringing the existing advantages in its implementation and motivating discussions about new tax and environmental incentives that are possible, bringing more security and profitability in the acquisition of these types of investments, which cause less impact on the environment in general.