Influência de diferentes tipos de telas de sombreamento na produção de Baby Leaf de rúcula e almeirão

Abstract

The objective of this work is to study the influence of different types of shading screens on the production of arugula and chicory baby leaves. Field research was used as a method, the development of arugula and chicory baby leaves was observed, and data was collected, which was later analyzed and interpreted. The effects of different types of shading screens on baby leaf production of arugula and chicory in trays were evaluated. Aluminet 50%, Chromatinet 35%, Sombrite 35% screens were used, in addition to a control treatment without the use of screens, in the local winter season. The planting of both arugula and endive was carried out on July 27, 2023 and the plants were collected 30 days after germination. Almeirão reached an average dry matter weight of 1.55.10-¹ g, while the leaf area index was also higher in the treatment without screen, with a result of 7.5328 cm²/plant. The nitrate values without screen were not the highest, it is desirable that this happens, as there is a safe level of nitrate intake, but statistically there was no divergence from the other treatments. In terms of chlorophyll levels, the chicory had different behavior between the two reading methods, but everything indicates an acceleration of the chicory's metabolism and shortening of its physiological cycle when analyzing the nitrate level and the chlorophyll level measured in the spectrophotometer, which in the treatment without screen had the lowest chlorophyll value, while the Sombrite screen had the highest values of nitrate and chlorophyll measured by the spectrophotometer, this indicates a relationship between chlorophyll and nitrate and that the plants under the Sombrite screen were not yet at the end of their cycle, since the degradation of chlorophyll is an indication of the end of the cycle. In the phenol analysis, a higher content was identified in the treatment without screen, nutritionally speaking, this is good, but it indicates a possible stress suffered by the plant, since high phenols can be a defense response by the plant. In the ABTS test, the highest level was in the treatment without mesh with an average of 29.8 compared to 18.20 (µmol TEAC.g PF-1) found in the treatment with red mesh, in the DPPH and carotenoids test there was no significant difference between treatments. Arugula also showed the best performance without using a screen, where it achieved higher dry matter. The leaf area index was higher and the nitrate and chlorophyll indices in the treatment without mesh were the lowest, which indicates that there was degradation of chlorophyll and a possible shortening of the cycle. In the phenol tests, ABTS and DPPH did not show significant differences between treatments. And in the carotenoid test, arugula without screen had the lowest average and Sombrite screen had the highest average. It was concluded from the present study that the plant's behavior is influenced by different screens in some of its characteristics and apparently leaving the plants without screens did not cause stress or physiological damage at this time of year.