Reformas na assistência social no Brasil: análise das alterações na Lei n. 8.742/1993 (LOAS)

Abstract

This article critically analyzes the amendments introduced by Laws No. 14.809/2024 and No. 15.077/2024 to the Organic Law of Social Assistance (LOAS), with an emphasis on the impacts on the Continuous Cash Benefit (BPC). Based on the theoretical framework of fundamental rights and the principle of human dignity, the study investigates the extent to which the normative reforms reaffirm or undermine the effectiveness of the right to social assistance for people in vulnerable situations. The article adopts a qualitative methodology, grounded in documentary analysis of current legislation and a literature review of authors such as Sarlet, Barroso, and Chaves. It examines the main changes, such as the requirement of biometric identification, the periodic updating of the Unified Registry (CadÚnico), the exclusion of certain types of income from family income calculations, and the increased use of data technologies for verification and control. The findings indicate that, despite administrative improvements and the recognition of exceptional circumstances, there are ongoing risks of social exclusion, particularly among populations with limited access to digital resources. The study concludes that strengthening social assistance requires a balance between administrative efficiency and social inclusion, with an active role for the State and strong participation by civil society in the defense and oversight of social rights.