Malária no estado de Mato Grosso: uma análise epidemiológica da distribuição espacial das taxas de incidência

Abstract

Malaria is a neglected infectious disease. According to the World Health Organization, in 2020, 241 million new cases were recorded in 85 countries, resulting in approximately 627 thousand deaths globally. The study aims to identify the incidence rate of malaria and map its spatial distribution in the municipalities of Mato Grosso. This is an ecological study that examines the presence of malaria at a collective level, without focusing on specific individuals. The study population included positive cases of malaria reported in Mato Grosso between 2011 and 2021, excluding residents of other states and duplicate cases. The sociodemographic variables analyzed were race, education, occupation, age and sex. The data were organized in Microsoft® Office Excel spreadsheets and analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 software. Incidence rates were calculated based on the population provided by IBGE (2010). The spatial distribution was carried out using the ArcGis® software version 10.7, creating thematic maps that illustrate the incidence of malaria by municipality. Between 2011 and 2021, 20,819 cases of malaria were identified in Mato Grosso. The highest incidence was observed among men (94.3/100,000 inhabitants) and in the age group of 20 to 59 years, which represented 83.8% (n=15,957) of cases. The spatial distribution showed that the highest incidence averages occurred in the North, West and Northwest regions of the state, with values ranging from 0.01 to 2849.85. It is expected that the results of this study will serve as indicators for public policies.