Perfil nutricional de pacientes internados em uma unidade de terapia intensiva

Abstract

Critically ill patients admitted to an intensive care unit tend to be more vulnerable to caloric-protein losses during the hospitalization period, which contribute to inadequate recovery, longer hospital stay, and poorer nutritional prognosis. In order to identify these patients at nutritional risk, there are numerous studies that have different methods for performing nutritional status assessment. To evaluate the association between nutritional status and prognostic indicators of adult patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit of the Júlio Muller University Hospital and m Cuiabá - MT. This is a cross-sectional study involving patients admitted to the ICU. The nutritional status was evaluated through objective methods (anthropometry, clinical signs and biochemical tests), subjective (subjective global assessment) and the association between them. Of the 19 patients evaluated, 63.2% were female, with a mean age of 56.6 years. Respiratory system diseases (15.79%), nephropathies (15.79%) and postoperative diseases (15.79%) were identified as the main causes of hospitalization. As a function of the anthropometric parameters, all the indicators classified the patients of the research as malnourished or at nutritional risk, as well as the subjective global evaluation, which classified 63.2% with malnutrition severe and 26.3% with suspected malnutrition. The hematological exams of greater relevance for the evaluation of nutritional status also reinforced the prevalence of malnutrition found, since values of hematocrit and hemoglobin below the reference standard were observed, as well as the total lymphocyte count (CTL), which indicated moderate depletion among patients. Similarly, markers of renal function, serum albumin and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were also found below the reference values. In order to identify the nutritional profile of hospitalized patients, several methods (objective and subjective) of nutritional evaluation are used. The association between the different methods increases the possibility of an evaluation of the most reliable nutritional status, which, in view of an early nutritional diagnosis, allows a better nutritional intervention and consequently increases the chances of a better clinical prognosis.