Biometria de frutos e sementes, predação e germinação de Hymenaea courbaril L. E Hymenaea stigonocarpa Mart. (Fabaceae – Caesalpinioideae) no município de Sinop

Abstract

The genus Hymenaea spp. is popularly known as Jatobá. They are native species, and their wood presents characteristics of greater resistance beyond its beauty and used in the civil construction. The fruits are used as fresh fruit, applied in medicine and with great commercial interest. Studies of fruit and seed biometry are important to characterize the dispersion of the species and classify their differences. Predation of seeds is well evidenced in the family Leguminosae. The objective of the research was to characterize biometrically fruits and seeds of Hymenaea courbaril and Hymenaea stigonocarpa, to record the incidence of Rhinochenus stigma, to quantify the level of damage and to relate predation to the physiological quality of the seeds. For this, samples of 110 fruits of four points of the municipality of Sinop were collected. The results showed that Hymenaea courbaril the average fruit size was 19.6 cm and the predation rate was 17.6%. For H. stigonocarpa the average fruit size wa s 19.02 cm and the predation rate was 5.91%. The biometric parameters of fruits and seeds directly influence the rate of predation negatively affecting seed germination.