Desempenho de cultivares de feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) sob diferentes manejos de irrigação

Abstract

The common bean represents great economic importance to Brazil. During at least one of the cultivations the irrigation is a necessity for the culture. The objective of this work was the evaluation of the regarding four different cultivars of commercial beans subjected to four matric potentials (- 25 kPa, - 34 kPa, - 47 kPa and - 66 kPa). The experimental design was a randomized blocks on a bands schema pattern with three replications. The results indicated that different managements of irrigation did not interfere with the lodging and architecture levels. However, the variable number of pods per plant and number of grains per pod were affected by the different managements, the BRS Requinte and Branquinho cultivars were superior to the other. The variance analysis performed for the SPAD index expressed significance among the cultivars at the second collection, ANFC 9 had a higher index than the others. The cultivar BRSMG Madrepérola and ANFC 9 were the most efficient regarding to the number of nodules formed per gram of root at the first collection. Regarding the weight of 100 grains, the cultivars BRS Requinte and Branquinho were superior to the others, moreover the regression analysis made it possible to identify a decrease of 1,86g when the water supplied was restricted, because of established managements. The same occurred to the grain production, where it was possible to measure a decrease of 0,134kg according to the increase of the water restriction. The analysis of the principal components indicated a positive association between number of nodules per gram of root, dry mass of the aerial portion and SPAD index at the first collection. In general, the BRS Requinte and Branquinho cultivars presented better performance for the evaluated traits. The critical matric potential studied that proved to be more favorable to the bean crop, was – 25 kPa.