Tratamentos de efluentes de uma cervejaria utilizando lagoas de estabilização: estudo de caso

Abstract

The beverage industry makes use of large proportions of water, being the main raw material, with great significance representing 90% of the final product among other components. To produce one liter of this drink, 4 to 10 liters of water are consumed. It is present since the bottles are washed before filling, and in stages that require compliance with quality standards before being used, such as in the preparation of the must be incorporated into the product. Due to the high load of organic matter, high content of suspended solids, and the presence of phosphorus and nitrogen, brewery waste generally has a high polluting potential. Therefore, it requires the treatment of its liquid effluents. The present study aimed to evaluate the effluent treatment of a brewery in Paraná, characterizing the pollutant load and analyzing the treatment via aerated stabilization ponds of the complete mixture. Therefore, the evaluation of the parameters of Temperature (ºC), pH, Chemical Oxygen Demand COD (mgO2/L), Biochemical Oxygen Demand BOD (mgO2/L), Turbidity (NTU), Apparent color (mgPt- Co/L), True Color (mgPt Co/L), Sedimentable Solids (mg/L), Total Solids (mg/L), Dissolved Oxygen (mgO2/L), Total Phosphorus (mg/L) and Total Ammoniacal Nitrogen (mg/L), at three points, the grating tank, the outlet of the equalization tank and the settling pond. In stage three, which represents the final stage of the treatment, the temperature parameters are verified at 17° C, pH 6.5, COD of 50-55 mgO2/L, BOD of 15-20 mgO2/L, turbidity of 7.3 NTU, Apparent Color 120 mgPt-Co/L and True Color 60 mgPt-Co/L, with non-detectable parameters of Sedimentable Solids (mg/L), Total Solids (mg/L), Dissolved Oxygen (mgO2/L), Total Phosphorus (mg/L) and total ammoniacal nitrogen (mg/L). With the focus on biological treatment through stabilization ponds, a significant reduction in the analysis parameters was observed, showing efficiency in the treatment of effluent according to the norms established in Resolution No. 430/2011 of CONAMA. It is possible for the treated effluent to be deposited in some natural water bodies.