Modelo didático tridimensional de artrópodes para o ensino de ciências e biologia

Abstract

Science and biology teaching in Brazil is mainly characterized by expository classes, most of which do not involve practical activities. It is the teacher's role to plan classes thinking about different teaching strategies, in order to improve the learning of theoretical content. Currently, the use of three-dimensional didactic models has become effective, especially in teaching content that requires greater visual perception, such as the phylum Arthropoda. The objective of this research is to produce and investigate the use of three-dimensional didactic models of Arthropoda phylum individuals as an alternative methodology in teaching science and biology in public schools. The research took place in a public school in the interior of Goiás, with an elementary school class and a high school class. For these classes, the research stages were: 1) initial questionnaire; 2) theoretical class; 3) creation of the 3D model; and 3) final questionnaire. The questionnaires were measured in order to evaluate the individual achievements of each student. Furthermore, questionnaires with open questions were applied to teachers in order to verify their respective methodological approaches and school support for practical activities. As a result, teachers state that the lack of a teaching laboratory and available financial resources interfere with better planning of their activities. The results of the students in the questionnaires and construction of the three-dimensional didactic models indicated that after using the threedimensional didactic models, the students were able to make a great improvement in the level of responses, being able, for example, to describe their morphological characteristics. Thus, the methodological alternative of three-dimensional didactic models is considered a great teaching tool, and its use can be expanded in other subjects.