Avaliação do perfil nutricional antes e após a cirurgia bariátrica

Abstract

Introduction: Obesity, characterized by the accumulation of body fat, has a multifactorial origin and its treatment is a challenge. Bariatric surgery (BC) can be used in cases where other weight reduction strategies have failed. Objective: To evaluate the nutritional profile of individuals before and after BC. Methodology: Retrospective cohort study, performed with 364 adult patients undergoing BC in 2020. The variables analyzed were: socioeconomic, demographic, lifestyle, clinical and nutritional status assessment. Bivariate analysis was performed using Person's chi-square test and Fisher's exact test. P<0.05 was considered significant. Results: The mean age of patients was 34.83 ± 8.75 years, most were women (78.3%), white race/color (47.3%), with a partner (61.9%) and with high schooling (61.5%). In the comparison between the sexes, men smoked more (p=0.013), consumed more alcoholic beverages (p<0.001) and were more hypertensive (p=0.025) than women. Regarding the nutritional profile, there was a significant difference between the sexes in terms of BMI variables before surgery (p=0.003), 30 days later (p=0.012) and 365 days after BS (p=0.025), with higher medians among men. In the 30 days after BS, men lost more weight (p<0.001). Before BC, men had a higher frequency of grade III obesity (p=0.012). After 365 days, 77.5% of women and 67.5% of men were no longer obese, with no statistical difference between the sexes. Conclusion: The nutritional profile of patients undergoing BC was altered, with a reduction in BMI in most patients.