Relação entre os níveis pressóricos e o consumo de sódio em indivíduos adultos : estudo de corte transversal

Abstract

Introduction: There are several risk factors for the development of arterial hypertension (AH), among them sodium consumption. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between blood pressure levels and sodium consumption in adults. Methodology: An observational cross sectional study was carried out with secondary data from the project entitled: "Effect of nutritional intervention with antioxidants on oxidative DNA damage in cells of individuals at risk of cardiovascular disease". The variables collected were: sociodemographic data, anthropometric data, food consumption, biochemical data and blood pressure levels of adults of both sexes. Results: We evaluated 76 individuals, 50% obese and 38.2% overweight. About 35.5% had altered blood pressure values. The DBP, weight and WC of males were higher than those of females (84.3±11.0 mmHg and 77.6±16.2 mmHg; p=0.03; 89.6±12.5kg and 82.7±12.2kg, p=0.02; 96.86±10.5cm and 91.71±8.6cm; p=0.02, respectively). The group with AH had higher weight, WC and WHC when compared to the group without AH (91.6±10.6kg and 83.7±13.7kg, p=0.01; 98.22±9.8cm and 92.53±9.5cm, p=0.02; 98.22±9.8 cm and 92.53±9.5cm, p=0.02; respectively), and DBP was higher in the group with when compared to the group without AH (86.15±12.9 mmHg and 78.63±13.7 mmHg, respectively; p=0.02). Weight, addition sodium and total Na correlated with SBP and DBP (r=0.273 and p=0.02; r=0.297 and p=0.01); (r 0.544 and p=0.001; r=0.535 and p=0.001) and (r=0.556 and p=0.00; r=0.556 and p=0.00; respectively). Conclusion: Excessive sodium consumption was related to increased blood pressure, other anthropometric variables also correlated with weight and waist circumference.